PI2 Example

PI2 Example PI2 – Essay Example PART A Question 2005 = 11,933 – 11,062 * 100 = 7.874% increase 11,062 2006 = 9,181 – 11,933 * 100 = 2.306% decrease 11,933 2007 = 6,141 – 9,181 * 100 = 3.311% decrease 9,181 2008 = 8,334 – 6,141 * 100 = 3.571% increase 6,141 Question 2 Using the current trend for Micro Chip Computer Corporation as a basis, I do not think that the company achieved its sales target of 10% growth in 2009. This is because in 2008, the company only had a 3.571% increase and the previous years prior to that had recorded a decrease in sales. Therefore, there is no indication of a constant growth in sales over the years and so it would be difficult for the company to make a 10% increase in sales in 2009. The actual sales figure for 2009had the company made a 10% increase would be: 110% * 8,334 = $ 9,167 It would be quite difficult for the company to hit this target in 2009 since there is no indication of such a significant growth in sales over the prior years. Therefore, my view is that, at the very best the company can only improve on 2008’s sales growth from a 3.571% increase to probably 5% or 6%. This would be the best case scenario given the information on previous years. PART B Question 1 Percentage of sales (%) Sales increase by 20% Sales $8,334.00 100 10,000 Cost of Sales $5,458.00 65.5 6,549 Gross Margin $2,876.00 34.5 3,451 Operating expenses: R & D $525.00 6.3 630 Selling, General, and Administrative $691.00 8.3 829 In†process R & D †Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬  Restructuring costs †Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬ Ã¢â‚¬  2 200 Total Operating Expenses $1,216.00 1,659 Operating income $1,660.00 1,792 Total interest and other Income net $194.00 2.3 233 Income before provision for Income taxes $1,854.00 2,025 Provision for income Taxes (15%) $278.10 303.75 Net income $1,575.90 1,721.25 Question 2 The results in question 1 show that a 20% increase in sales consequently leads to an increase in net income. This is true since increase in sales revenue produces more income for a company and therefore the net income would also increase. The assumption for question 1 is that the 20% increase in sales leaves all other factors constant, therefore resulting in a proportionate change in all other items in the Statement of Operations with respect to sales. This assumption is however not reasonable since if the sales revenue for a company increases by 20%, it mean that there are other costs that were incurred in order to increase this sales revenue. For example advertising, sales and marketing costs should probably have been incurred so as to improve the sales figure over the next year. References Drur.y C, (1998). Costing an Introduction 4th Edition, Thomson Learning. Drury C, (2008). Management and Cost Accounting, Chapman and Hall 7th Edition. Horngren, CT, Foster, G and Datar S.M (2001). Cost Accounting:A Managerial Emphasis 10th Edition Prentice Hall of India; New Delhi, Robert Kaplan & A A Atkinson (2004). Advanced Management Accounting, 2nd Edition Prentice-Hall

Carl Lamberg essays

Carl Lamberg essays It's 2139 and Charles Stimatra, head of the ITEDRC (International Time Exploration and Defense Research Company), has figured out a formula and machine enabling one person at one time to be transported to another time. The glitch he has been working on is that the person can only estimate where he will be when he is transported. The closest they can guess is three kilometers within the configured destination. Seven out of twenty three men have been lost or killed for various reasons. One ended up inside a rock, another 300 feet in the air and the last got stuck in another person causing a time malfunction and creating an explosive object. The others whereabouts are unknown. The future is a whole different matter. Since the future can always be changed, sending someone to the future could change the past. Charles and his associates are not the only ones experimenting in time travel. He, and people like him, are called hackers, the reason there are Time Police. Time Police devote their lives to protecting the past. For example, if someone went back and killed Hitler, it could change everything. The Time Police stop these people from doing so. Captain of the Time Police used to be Sergeant Carl Lamberg. He was one of the many that had to erase their identity and lives so they could protect the future of the human race. This brings us to the story of how Carl died. How do I know? Because I am Carl Lamberg. "Control, I'm ready to transmit. Confirm safety for time transport." I let go of the intercom button and waited for the confirmation. "This is Control, we confirm transport. You have the go ahead." This is my thirteenth time and I still get nervous. I reach for the bottom of my shirt to wipe my forehead but the chair starts to shake and I end up in 1642 five feet above the ground. I drop and absorb the impact with my knees. My mission is to find a gold transport to a king and stop a hacker from robbing it. ...

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of in corporating a Essay

Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of in corporating a business., and Concept of Limited Liability - Essay Example The reason that corporations are able to offer limited liability is because a corporation is considered a separate legal entity (Weygand & Kieso & Kimmel, 2002). Choosing the corporation over other types of business structures has other advantages. The corporation is the best business structure for entrepreneurs that are looking to raise capital. The way that the corporation allows its owners to raise large sums of capital in shorts amounts of time is through the sale of common stocks. In order for a corporation to sell common stocks it must become a public corporation registered in the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Once a corporation becomes public its common stocks become a very liquid asset that is traded in open markets such as the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) or in the over the counter market known as NASDAQ. Choosing the corporate form can also help managers obtain better benefits from governmental institutions in the form of incentives. One of the main disadvanta ges of the corporate form is double taxation. References Allbusiness.com (2011). Advantages and Disadvantages of Owning a Corporation. Retrieved June 28, 2011 from http://www.allbusiness.com/business-planning/business-structures-corporations/686-1.html Weygandt, J., Kieso, D., Kimmel (2002). Accounting Principles (6th ed.).

Macro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Macro - Essay Example Observe that the equilibrium output has fallen to Y2 implying recession and the price level has increased to P2 implying inflation. 2. The immediate impact of a reduction in taxes is an increase in aggregate planned consumption expenditure, a component of aggregate demand. Thus, aggregate demand increases implying a rightward shift in the AD curve. However, whether this would lead to a substantial economic expansion (growth) or inflation with some minor growth depends upon where the economy is located on the business cycle when the policy is undertaken. We shall consider two cases: (a) when the economy is in recession and (b) during a boom. As is evident from the diagram above, the tax cuts led to the AD curve moving from AD1 to AD2 which in turn leads to an expansion of Y from Y1 to Y2. There is a negligibly small increase in the prices from P1 to P2. Thus, during recession or during the phase of recovery, tax cuts can yield substantial growth. During a period of economic expansion or the â€Å"boom† phase of the business cycle, the tax cut on the other hand can have a harmful impact on the economy. This is shown in the diagram above. Observe that now the outward shift in AD has led to a substantial rise in the price level while the increase in real output has been small. The closer the economy gets to the full employment equilibrium, the less effective does the tax cut become in stimulating growth and most of the impact of the resulting rising demand is reflected instead in rising prices. Essentially, during recession the economy is located far out from its full employment equilibrium and thus has surplus unused capacities. So, when the aggregate demand rises, the capacity utilization rises and so employment and output rise while prices stay more or less the same. However when the economy is in a boom and is located close to its full employment equilibrium, there are no unused capacities. As a result

Different Societal Institutions Such as the Family, Government and Religion Essay Example for Free

Different Societal Institutions Such as the Family, Government and Religion Essay Different societal institutions such as the family, government and religion, have been seen to have an impact on marriage. The government plays a role in marriage and mate selection when divorce raises issues. Not only does the government play a role in marriage and mate selection, religion also raises conflict for married couples, such as where and how a couple may get married, and if the religion supports the legal issue of divorce. Lastly, family plays a important role in marriage and mate selection through the way their children are raised since people tend to marry people who share similar beliefs and values. The societal institution such as the government, have been seen to have an impact on marriage such as divorce and cohabitation when legal rights come into force. When a divorce happens between couples, the legal issues will give you rights to things such as child support-if you have children, property division and spousal support. Both parents are forced into supporting their family financially in the legal rights called child support. If you and the other parent do not live together, you must split the costs of caring for your child. In most cases, child support is paid until the child can be dependent until the age of 18. However, if the child choses to get married or leave home under the age of 18, they are no longer considered dependent. Now you must be wondering how much child support will cost an individual. The costs may vary depending on the province you are currently living in. This is called the Child Support Guidelines. Many factors are involved in deciding how much child support is paid such as gross income, and how many dependent children the parent with physical custody is supporting. Furthermore, when you apply for child support, the court is entitled to know information about both spouses’ finances. This is known as financial disclosure. Did you know that in Ontario you must be at least 18 years old to get married? Since that in Canada it is a law that you cannot marry another person if you are already married, also known as polygamy, divorce becomes a legal issue. The Divorce Act and the process of getting a divorce remains the same all over Canada. First, you or your spouse must apply for a divorce in court. When you are applying for a divorce, you must be able to demonstrate that the marriage has broken-down. The most common situations that the court sees is that you and your spouse have been separated for at least a year by living in separate housing, if you or your partner committed infidelity, or if the marriage is abusive that it is no longer safe to live with each other. Functionalist might say that divorce is dysfunctional in society since it goes against the norm in marriage where it states that two people are united until â€Å"death do you part†. The societal institution such as religion, have been seen to have an impact on marriage such as same sex marriages and the ceremonies people have when they get married. There are many types of marriages that you can have as we witnessed in the film, Get Him to the Greek, where the family wanted a religious ceremony performed by a religious organization listed in the Marriage Act. In contrast, some couples prefer a civil ceremony that is performed by a judge, justice of the peace, city clerk or someone else who is licenced to perform marriages. Divorce also brings religious barriers to remarriage. Some religions do not believe in divorce and say that you cannot get remarried in a religious ceremony. Furthermore, religion can have a barrier on same-sex marriage. Some religions consider same-sex marriages to be abnormal, so it can be tough for the family to accept that their son or daughter is gay or lesbian. Family acceptance is important to the individual’s self, and if the individual’s family does not accept a part of who they are, they might feel disowned and a loss of self-worth, which leads to conflict in the relationship. Family plays a role in marriage and mate selection through the way they raise their children for the reason that people tend to marry people who share similar beliefs and values. Martin Whytes study of dating and marriage mentions that marital success can be determined. He mentions in his study that the dating experience was not a predictor of success, enduring married couples had several characteristics in common, which are having similar values, enjoying similar leisure time activities, pooling their incomes, sharing in power and decision making in their relationship, having friends in common and having an active social life together. Whyte, 2001) Family has an impact on people’s beliefs and values, how they spend their leisure time, and their social life. System theorists agree that families have an impact on marriage and mate selection of their children because the system theory can help explain issues seen in an individual such as social issues by looking at how they were raised. Different societal institutions present may challenges for married couples. Many factors from divorce amongst all the legal issues associated with it, to religion beliefs, of when and how a couple gets married and the family acceptance of same-sex marriages. Last of all, factors of exactly how an individual is raised by their family plays a significant role in marriage and mate selection and Martin Whyte explains. All three of the different societal institutions play a significant role in determining the success of the couple’s relationship.

Funny :: essays research papers

Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: im the son of hazel and grame Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: graeme* Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: hazels hot Peter says: no, i am Peter says: lol she sure is Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: shotgun!! Peter says: shes a milf Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: i fukd her in the buttocks Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: i hate canadians Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: i burnt one the other day cuz he stole my sandwhich Hot Stuff says: Im sorry.. I thought it was my cousin Peter.. it must be a different Peter.. sorry about this.. bye Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: dont leave, its fun Peter says: i like your baby Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: we're just racists new zealanders Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: i wona eat it Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: then fuk its little hole Hot Stuff says: you're from New Zealand.. cool.. Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: no, its a shit country Hot Stuff says: hey, that is not funny to say that about my daughter Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: i wona move to japan Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: im sory my dad abuses me Peter says: can we dress up in sheepskin and play sausages? Hot Stuff has left the conversation. Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: lmao Peter says: lmfao Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: we win Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: u like? Peter says: man that was awesome Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: hahahahaha Peter says: im was going nuts laughing Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: we rock Peter says: i am not going to forget that Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: i woz so proud 'fuk its little hole' Peter says: lol Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: dude, wel done Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: that woz orsum Cause the streets have opened my eyes to see. says: shes prolly cryin

Nivea for Men: Developing a Marketing Plan Answer Sheet Essay

1. What is the difference between product range and product mix? The product range are the different types of products from one particular category e.g. drinks orange, lemonade, raspberry, whereas product mix are the different categories of product that are sold e.g. drinks, sandwiches, fruit etc 2. How would the increase in marketing awareness affect Nivea s day to day operations? More staff, more sales, more products needed, extra deliveries, more staff, more room for storage. 3. Why is the FHM Grooming Award a good thing for Nivea? FHM has a large readership level, the majority of readers care about their appearance and therefore Nivea may benefit from extra sales due to its recognition of enhancing appearance. 4. Why is it important for Nivea to identify a market segment? It can develop strategies for specific people, save money and have a higher success rate. 5. Above-the-line and Below-the-line promotion are prominent with Nivea. Why is this important? So that Nivea can get their message across to the masses through the various media and also build affinity and relationships with it customers and potential customers. 6. What was the male skincare products market worth in 2008? Male skincare products were worth  £117m 7. In 1998 annual sales of skincare products were worth  £68m. In 2008 they are now worth  £117m. What is the percentage increase in annual sales? 172% (117 / 68) X 100 8. What is the percentage increase in male facial products?  £7.3m to  £49m = 49/ 7.3 X100 = 671% 9. Why are marketing plans used? A marketing plan is used to identify, anticipate and satisfy consumers need. If a marketing plan is used, the business will know what the consumer wants, and will sell appropriate products which will increase revenue for the business. 10. Give 2 marketing aims that Nivea may want to achieve? Increase the sales of male skincare products in the UK. Develop its range of products for the UK market. 11. Using the case study, highlight how the SWOT analysis could  be used for Nivea. Nivea could use the SWOT analysis in order to assess its Strengths and Weaknesses within the business. This would allow management to address its weaknesses and exploit its strengths. This would be the opinions of the management and staff. It could also assess the Opportunities and Threats in terms of where the market is going with skincare for men and exploit it. They would also be aware of potential threats in terms of competition, laws and attitudes. 12. How has Nivea used promotion to enhance the awareness of the brand? Nivea has used both Above the line and Below the line promotion using the media, sponsorship of sports teams and winning awards from target market magazines.